USS Baltimore CA-68
The USS Baltimore (CA-68) was a heavy cruiser built during World War II. Her keel was laid on May 26, 1941, at the Bethlehem Steel Company's Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts. She was launched on July 28, 1942, and commissioned on April 15, 1943. This ship was part of a massive effort to strengthen the U.S. Navy during a time of global conflict.
Named after Baltimore, Maryland, the ship honored the city's historical and industrial significance. Baltimore was a major port and industrial hub, crucial in producing war materials. It was a fitting name for a ship meant to project American naval power worldwide.
The USS Baltimore boasted impressive features. She had nine 8-inch/55 caliber guns in three triple turrets, providing significant firepower. She also carried twelve 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns and various anti-aircraft weapons, including 40mm and 20mm cannons. The Baltimore-class cruisers were among the first to have advanced radar technology, boosting their offensive and defensive capabilities.
The USS Baltimore left a lasting mark on the U.S. Navy with her active service during World War II and beyond. She took part in critical operations in the Pacific, like the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Her robust design and powerful armament made her invaluable in surface engagements and shore bombardments. The ship's performance set a standard for future cruiser designs, showcasing the effectiveness of heavy cruisers in modern naval warfare.
As the lead ship of the Baltimore-class cruisers, she was part of a group of fourteen heavy cruisers built during World War II. These ships were designed for multiple roles, including fleet protection, shore bombardment, and anti-aircraft defense. Known for their heavy armor, substantial firepower, and advanced radar and fire control systems, the Baltimore-class cruisers were a cornerstone of the U.S. Navy's surface fleet during the war and into the early Cold War years.
Commissioned on April 15, 1943, the USS Baltimore quickly became a key part of the U.S. Navy's Pacific Fleet. After a shakedown cruise and initial training, she joined Task Force 58 in the Pacific Theater. Throughout her service, the USS Baltimore excelled in various combat operations, earning nine battle stars for her World War II service. Her commissioning marked the start of a distinguished career, playing a vital role in some of the most significant naval battles of the 20th century.
USS Baltimore CA-68: Structure, Technology, Armament, and Weaponry
The USS Baltimore (CA-68) was a Baltimore-class heavy cruiser, a class known for its sturdy design and cutting-edge technology for its era. Launched in 1942 and commissioned in 1943, this ship was 673 feet long and 70 feet wide, offering a stable platform for its missions. Its hull featured a bulbous bow, boosting hydrodynamic efficiency and allowing a top speed of 33 knots. The superstructure combined steel and aluminum, providing strength while reducing weight, enhancing speed and agility.
Tech-wise, the USS Baltimore was a marvel. It had advanced radar and communication systems crucial for navigation and combat. The SG surface search radar and SK air search radar were game-changers, letting the ship spot enemy ships and planes from afar. The Mark 34 Gun Fire Control System was another highlight, merging radar data with optical rangefinders for precise targeting of its main and secondary guns. These systems made the USS Baltimore a versatile player in combat, from anti-aircraft defense to surface battles.
The ship's armament was impressive, making it a key asset in the U.S. Navy during World War II. Its main firepower came from nine 8-inch/55 caliber guns in three triple turrets, capable of delivering powerful blows to both surface and shore targets. These guns had a range of over 30,000 yards and could fire 335-pound armor-piercing shells, effective against heavily armored foes. Alongside, it had twelve 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns for both anti-aircraft and surface roles, versatile enough to tackle fast aircraft and smaller ships.
For anti-aircraft defense, the USS Baltimore was well-equipped. It had forty-eight 40mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns and twenty-four 20mm Oerlikon cannons, creating a strong anti-aircraft shield. The 40mm Bofors were particularly effective with their rapid fire and explosive shells, taking down enemy planes before they became a threat. This mix of weaponry made the USS Baltimore a formidable warship, ready to defend itself and project power across the Pacific Theater.
Crew Accounts of Time Aboard
The USS Baltimore (CA-68) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the rich tapestry of memories shared in its guestbook. These recollections span from the ship's commissioning in 1943 through its active service in World War II and beyond, capturing moments of camaraderie, peril, and pride.
**Chuck Agan**, who served as a Seaman 2nd Class in 1943, recalls the harrowing experience of a kamikaze plane crashing into the USS Franklin, a moment that was "way too close" for comfort. He also vividly remembers the terrifying typhoon in December 1944 and the unique experience of transporting President Franklin D. Roosevelt to Alaska.
**James Ed Brumbeloe**'s father, who served as a Seaman Second Class in 1944, was immensely proud of his Navy service. His son notes that he spoke more about his time on the Baltimore in his later years, seeking connections with those who might have known him.
**Richard Doran** shares his father's pride in serving on the Baltimore in 1945 as an S1C. His father also served in Washington DC and the European theater during the Korean War, highlighting a career marked by dedication and service.
**Walter Dranginis**, a Seaman in 1943, recently turned 90 and remains proud of his Navy service. He has many stories about President Roosevelt's time on board, reflecting the ship's historical significance.
**Piermarini Eno**'s father, who served as a cook in 1943, often mentioned walking President Roosevelt's dog. After his service, he continued his culinary career, opening five diners.
**Peter Ferrandino**'s father, a Lieutenant (JG) in 1944, cherished his days on the Baltimore, particularly meeting FDR and enduring a typhoon. He also enjoyed playing basketball with his shipmates during downtime.
**Carl Fink**, who served as a Rear Admiral in 1940, was the youngest admiral present during the attack on Pearl Harbor. His family takes great pride in his dedication to the Navy and cherishes his memoirs.
**Herman Gadon** trained with Marines at Camp Pendleton for the invasion of Japan as a Naval Gunfire Liaison Officer. The war ended before the invasion, and he was subsequently assigned to the Baltimore.
**Laurel Geertgens** served as a Journalist Striker in 1953, writing daily news sheets for the crew and a biennial paper for BUPERS, contributing to the ship's internal communications.
**Elwin Gray**'s grandson shares that his grandfather served as a guard in the Marine detachment from 1955-56, though little else is known about his service.
**Donald Grudee**'s father, a Lieutenant (JG) and gunnery officer from 1944 to 1946, left behind a Christmas 1946 dinner menu among his keepsakes, a small but cherished memento of his time on the ship.
**John Guyton**'s father, a Petty Officer 2nd Class (Yeoman) from 1943 to 1945, kept the ship's logs and left behind a draft copy of the battle records from WWII, preserving the ship's history.
**Richard R. Heck**, a 3rd Class Petty Officer in 1943, witnessed the tragic torpedoing of the USS Liscome Bay, losing 641 crew members. He later met some survivors at a naval reunion, a poignant reminder of the war's toll.
**Albert Jeffery**'s grandson shares that his grandfather fought in several battles, though he didn't get to know him well. His father likely knows more about his service.
**Thomas Lentes**, who served from 1951 to 1955, kept a journal of all the ports visited, a testament to his pride in his service.
**James Matteson**'s grandson reveals that his grandfather enlisted at 16 and fought in 11 major battles before turning 18, a remarkable feat of youthful bravery.
**George Moshofsky**'s father, a Lieutenant (JG) in 1943, humorously recalled giving up his bunk for President Roosevelt. He had a large family and a long marriage, reflecting a life well-lived.
**Walton O'Roak** spent 35 months aboard the Baltimore from 1943 to 1946, including a secret mission involving FDR. At 92, he fondly remembers his Navy years and shipmates.
**Daniel Rafferty**'s son found his father's enlistment and separation papers, discovering his pride in his service, which he spoke of more in his later years.
**Roland Roy**'s father served from 1942 to 1945 and was passionate about the USA, sharing many stories with his family.
**Martin Ryan**'s father, John Carroll Ryan, served during WWII and left behind photos from his time on the Baltimore, which his son wishes to share.
**Lloyd Samaha**'s father served with pride and left behind Baltimore memorabilia, which his son wishes to pass on to a crew member.
**Richard Stasko**'s father, a Seaman 1st Class and gunnery mate, served for three years and returned to his hometown after the war, marrying in 1947.
**George Stearns**'s father proudly served on the Baltimore and recently passed away. His son is interested in connecting with anyone who remembers him.
**James R. Thompson**'s father, a Gunners Mate in 1945, passed away in 1990. His son wishes he had more information about his service.
**Charles Wilson**'s grandson seeks information about his grandfather, who served as a Seaman 2nd Class Cook in 1944 and never spoke of his time on the ship.
**Francis Wimberly**, the Chief Engineer and Welfare Officer in 1945, passed away in 1998. His son was born shortly after the ship's commissioning.
**Calton Yates**, a Gunners Mate who served throughout the war, is still living and remembers many details of the action, including FDR's visit.
These memories collectively paint a vivid picture of life aboard the USS Baltimore, highlighting the bravery, camaraderie, and pride of its crew members.
USS Baltimore CA-68: Upgrades, Mission Capabilities, and Contribution to the Fleet
The USS Baltimore (CA-68) was a powerhouse of a ship, constantly evolving to meet the demands of its time. Commissioned in 1943, this Baltimore-class heavy cruiser packed a punch with its nine 8-inch/55 caliber guns and twelve 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns. It also had a range of anti-aircraft weapons. As World War II raged on, the Baltimore got some serious tech upgrades. Its radar and fire control systems were enhanced, making it a sharp-eyed guardian of the seas. After the war, it didn't just sit idle. The ship was modernized with cutting-edge electronic warfare systems and better communication gear, keeping it a key player in the Navy's lineup.
The USS Baltimore was a jack-of-all-trades, ready for whatever the Navy needed. During World War II, it was a crucial player in the Pacific Theater. It provided naval gunfire support during amphibious assaults, took on enemy ships, and defended carrier task forces from aerial threats. Its 8-inch guns were perfect for pounding enemy fortifications during shore bombardments. Plus, the ship's speed and agility made it a reliable escort, safeguarding supply convoys and carrier groups from submarines and aircraft.
The Baltimore's impact was felt in major battles like the Battle of the Philippine Sea and the Battle of Leyte Gulf. Its firepower and defensive prowess helped secure American naval dominance. After the war, the ship didn't fade into the background. It took part in occupation duties in Japan and was a symbol of strength during the early Cold War. Through naval exercises and goodwill tours, the Baltimore projected American naval power and built international ties during tense times.
The USS Baltimore was a shining example of the Navy's cruiser fleet's adaptability and resilience. It kept up with the times, undergoing upgrades and taking on new missions, proving its worth over decades of naval warfare. By supporting both offensive and defensive operations, the Baltimore played a vital role in many military campaigns and helped maintain strategic balance during the early Cold War. Its legacy highlights the importance of innovation and versatility in keeping naval forces at the top of their game.
USS Baltimore CA-68: Deployments, Role in Major Conflicts, Awards, and Commendations
The USS Baltimore (CA-68) was a powerhouse in World War II, showing off the might and flexibility of the U.S. Navy's heavy cruisers. Commissioned in April 1943, she quickly joined the Pacific Fleet. Her first big mission was the Gilbert and Marshall Islands campaign, where she provided crucial fire support for landings and took on anti-aircraft duties. With her strong 8-inch guns and top-notch radar, she was a key player in both attack and defense, helping secure early victories in the Pacific.
As the war went on, the Baltimore stayed at the heart of major naval battles. She was vital in the Battle of the Philippine Sea in June 1944, a turning point that hit the Japanese carrier force hard. Her anti-aircraft skills were tested as she protected the fleet from kamikaze attacks. Later, she supported the Mariana Islands invasion, bombarding enemy defenses to clear the way for ground troops. The Baltimore also made her mark in the Battle of Leyte Gulf, one of the largest naval battles ever, helping the Allies clinch a crucial win.
Beyond combat, the USS Baltimore served as a flagship for various task forces, highlighting her importance in the fleet. After World War II, she proved her worth again during the Korean War, when she was recommissioned to aid United Nations forces. Her missions included shore bombardments and carrier escort duties, reinforcing her reputation as a versatile and dependable warship. Her ability to adapt and perform under pressure made her a cornerstone of U.S. naval operations during these conflicts.
The USS Baltimore's outstanding service didn't go unnoticed. She earned numerous awards and commendations, showcasing her significant contributions to the Navy's wartime efforts. Among these were nine battle stars for her World War II service, a testament to her role in some of the most critical battles of the Pacific Theater. She also received the Navy Unit Commendation for her exceptional performance and bravery. These honors highlight her lasting legacy and the courage of her crew, who faced the dangers of war with dedication and skill.
USS Baltimore CA-68 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Baltimore Class Heavy Cruiser |
| Commissioned | April 15, 1943 |
| Displacement | 13,600 tons |
| Length | 673.6 feet |
| Beam | 70.8 feet |
| Draft | 26.8 feet |
| Speed | 33 knots |
| Complement | 2,000 |