The USS Guadalcanal (CVE 60) was a carrier ship of the Casablanca class, built during World War II to enhance the United States Navy’s presence in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters. Construction began on January 5, 1943, at the Kaiser Shipyards in Vancouver, Washington, renowned for its wartime shipbuilding efforts. The Guadalcanal was launched on June 5, 1943, and commissioned on September 25, 1943, under the command of Captain Daniel V. Gallery. Its swift construction and deployment underscored America's logistical efficiency and industrial capabilities during the war.
The ship was named after the Battle of Guadalcanal, a pivotal campaign in the Pacific Theater that marked the beginning of Allied offensives against Japan. Fought from August 1942 to February 1943, the battle was a turning point that halted Japan’s expansion and set the stage for further Allied victories. By naming the ship after this critical campaign, the USS Guadalcanal honored the bravery and sacrifice of those who fought there and emphasized the importance of that victory.
Though smaller than the larger fleet carriers, the USS Guadalcanal was designed with practicality and effectiveness in mind. Measuring 512 feet in length and 65 feet in beam, it featured a flight deck for launching and recovering aircraft, a hangar deck for maintenance and storage, and anti-aircraft guns for defense. The carrier could carry up to 28 aircraft, including Grumman F4F Wildcat fighters and Grumman TBF Avenger torpedo bombers. This versatile mix of aircraft made it an essential asset for anti-submarine warfare and convoy protection, two critical missions during the war.
One of the Guadalcanal’s most notable achievements was its involvement in the capture of the German submarine U-505 on June 4, 1944. This marked the first time since the War of 1812 that a foreign warship was seized by the U.S. Navy. The capture of U-505 provided invaluable intelligence on German naval codes and operations, offering a significant advantage to the Allied forces. This event highlighted the effectiveness of escort carriers like the USS Guadalcanal in submarine operations, further proving their strategic importance during wartime.
As part of the Casablanca class, the USS Guadalcanal was one of 50 escort carriers built by the United States during World War II. These ships were designed to provide air support for convoys, conduct submarine patrols, and assist in amphibious operations. While smaller and less heavily armed than fleet carriers, the Casablanca class was cost-effective and could be quickly constructed to meet the growing demands of naval warfare. The USS Guadalcanal and its sister ships played a crucial role in securing sea routes and protecting Allied vessels from enemy threats.
Upon its commissioning on September 25, 1943, the USS Guadalcanal became a key asset in the U.S. Navy’s operations in the Atlantic Ocean. Under Captain Daniel V. Gallery, the ship participated in submarine patrols and convoy escort missions, showcasing its versatility and effectiveness. The Guadalcanal’s contributions to combat, intelligence gathering, and convoy protection marked a shift toward adaptable escort carriers that played a significant role in the Allied victory at sea during World War II.
Steel Fortress of the Seas: Unveiling the Structure, Technology, and Armament of USS Guadalcanal CVE-60
The USS Guadalcanal (CVE 60) was part of the Casablanca class of escort carriers, renowned for their efficient and compact design. Measuring 512 feet 3 inches in length and 65 feet 2 inches in beam, it was smaller than fleet carriers but highly versatile and capable. The flight deck, extending the full length of the ship, was equipped with a hydraulic catapult and arresting gear to launch and recover aircraft. Below the flight deck, the hangar deck provided vital storage and maintenance space for the ship’s aircraft. The ship’s structure was designed to maximize utility in confined spaces, which was a hallmark of the Casablanca class.
In terms of technology, the USS Guadalcanal featured advanced equipment for its time. It was powered by two Skinner Unaflow reciprocating steam engines, driving two shafts to generate 9,000 horsepower. This propulsion system allowed the carrier to reach speeds of up to 19 knots, ideal for its escort and anti-submarine warfare duties. The ship was equipped with radar systems such as the SC-2 air search radar and the SG surface search radar, which provided crucial situational awareness and targeting information for both defensive and offensive operations.
For defense, the USS Guadalcanal was armed with a variety of weaponry to protect itself and its aircraft. Its primary armament included a 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose gun mounted at the stern, capable of engaging both surface and air threats. The ship was also equipped with eight 40mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns in twin mounts and twelve 20mm Oerlikon cannons. These weapons offered strong protection against enemy aircraft and small surface ships, ensuring that the USS Guadalcanal could defend itself and its aircraft from various threats.
The ship’s complement of aircraft was key to its offensive and defensive capabilities. Typically carrying about 28 aircraft, including Grumman FM-2 Wildcat fighters and Grumman TBM Avenger torpedo bombers, these planes played a crucial role in the ship's missions. The Wildcats provided air cover by engaging enemy aircraft, while the Avengers focused on anti-submarine patrols and strikes. The USS Guadalcanal’s aircraft were essential for convoy escort, anti-submarine missions, and supporting other operations. The integration of these aircraft with the ship’s radar and communication systems enabled the Guadalcanal to carry out missions efficiently and effectively, making it a valuable asset in the U.S. Navy’s World War II efforts.
USS Guadalcanal CVE-60 Crew Member Reports of Time Aboard
The USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60) holds a special place in the hearts of many who served aboard her during World War II. The memories shared by the ship's crew and their families paint a vivid picture of life aboard this escort carrier, highlighting the camaraderie, bravery, and significant events that marked their service.
Richard Contryman served as a Lieutenant Junior Grade in 1941. His grandson is actively researching his service, preserving reports, maps, and photos of the squadrons. This dedication to uncovering his grandfather's history underscores the importance of remembering and honoring the contributions of those who served.
Howard Cronin, an Aviation Radioman in 1942, flew aboard a TBF-3 and was proud of his service. His presence at the squadron's decommissioning in 1945 marked the end of an era for him. His son, who shared this memory, reflects on his father's pride and dedication to his country.
James Davis, a Petty Officer Second Class in 1943, worked as an aircraft mechanic. His family recalls his occasional war stories and his unfulfilled wish to reunite with his shipmates and see the captured U-505 submarine.
Richard Demarco, an Electrician's Mate First Class in 1942, fondly remembers his service number and expresses a desire to reconnect with a fellow shipmate, G.P. Larsen. His memory of his service and his longing to reconnect with old friends highlight the deep bonds formed during their time aboard.
Harry Drinkwater, an Aviation Chief Machinist's Mate in 1945, is remembered by his grandson, who hopes to hear from anyone who might have known him. This desire to connect with his grandfather's past speaks to the lasting impact of his service.
Leesa Engle Cornelius shares a unique memento from her father's time aboard the USS Guadalcanal—a ring made from a quarter, shaped like a belt buckle. This personal artifact symbolizes the creativity and resourcefulness of the crew.
Joseph Franzetti, an Electrician's Mate in 1944, is honored by his son, Louis. Joseph's stories of his Navy days left a lasting impression on his family, who view all the crew members as true heroes.
Robert Glass, a Lieutenant Junior Grade and pilot in 1943, is remembered by his son. Robert's service as a Marine pilot and later in the Shuttle Command highlights the diverse roles and significant contributions of the crew.
Angelo Greco, an Ensign in 1942, left behind mementos from the captured German submarine and wonderful stories about the ship. These artifacts and tales serve as a tangible connection to the ship's storied past.
Ray Horacek, a radioman on an Avenger in 1944, is remembered by his family, who continue to seek connections with those who served alongside him.
John Ireland, a Lieutenant Junior Grade and TBF/TBM pilot with VC-19 in 1944, was killed in action. His family seeks to learn more about his service and sacrifice.
William Kimbell, an Aviation Radioman Third Class in 1944, is remembered by his daughter, who seeks information about his squadron and service. Her quest for knowledge underscores the enduring legacy of those who served.
Louis Kircheim, who worked on the ship's boilers in 1943, is remembered by his family, who seek to learn more about his tour of duty. His private nature left many details of his service untold.
Albert Leroy, a Lieutenant Junior Grade and pilot in 1943, flew Wildcats and was in the air during the capture of the U-505. His service in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters is a testament to the ship's far-reaching impact.
Joseph Masse, a Machinist Mate First Class in 1943, is still alive and proud of his service during the capture of the U-505. His ongoing pride in his service is a testament to the significance of their mission.
John G. Meier, a Lieutenant Commander and pilot in 1943, is remembered by his family, who cherish the friendships he formed aboard the ship.
Francis Powers, a Pharmacist's Mate in 1943, shared stories of the U-505 capture with his family, who later visited the submarine in a museum. This connection between past and present highlights the enduring legacy of the ship's achievements.
Deborah Simpson's father, Frank Simpson, served as a Chief Storekeeper Aviation in 1942. His collection of newspapers and other memorabilia from the war provides a glimpse into the significant events he experienced.
Tommy W. Sims, who served in 1943, is remembered by his family, who seek connections with others who may have known him. Their inquiry into asbestos-related illnesses reflects the long-term health impacts faced by many veterans.
Dane Spencer's father, Mark Spencer, flew Wildcats and Avengers with VC-13 in 1944. His family seeks stories from those who knew him, highlighting the importance of preserving personal histories.
Norman Wood, a Radioman First Class in 1943, was present during the capture of the U-505. His grandson shares this story in his high school European history class, ensuring that the legacy of the USS Guadalcanal and its crew continues to be remembered and honored.
These memories and stories from the crew of the USS Guadalcanal (CVE-60) provide a rich tapestry of experiences, highlighting the bravery, camaraderie, and enduring legacy of those who served aboard this storied ship.
USS Guadalcanal CVE-60: Evolution of a Naval Powerhouse and Its Legacy in Maritime Warfare
The USS Guadalcanal (CVE 60) underwent several enhancements during its service, which improved its operational capabilities and extended its usefulness within the fleet. Commissioned in 1943, the ship was part of the Casablanca class of escort carriers, designed to provide air support for convoys and amphibious operations. Early upgrades included the addition of more advanced aircraft weapons to bolster its defense against enemy aircraft. The flight deck was also reinforced to accommodate newer, more sophisticated aircraft developed as the war progressed. These improvements allowed the Guadalcanal to remain a valuable asset amid the evolving demands of naval warfare.
The ship's mission capabilities were notably versatile, adapting to the U.S. Navy’s shifting needs during World War II. While primarily serving as an escort carrier, the Guadalcanal provided vital air protection for convoys crossing both the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. This role was essential in safeguarding merchant vessels from enemy submarines and aircraft, ensuring a continuous flow of troops, equipment, and supplies. Additionally, the ship played a key role in anti-submarine warfare (ASW), using its aircraft to detect and neutralize enemy submarines. Its versatility was further demonstrated during various operations, where it provided air support for ground troops, significantly contributing to the success of landings and assaults.
One of the Guadalcanal's most significant achievements came in June 1944, when it played a crucial part in the capture of the German submarine U-505. This event marked the first time since the War of 1812 that a U.S. Navy ship had seized an enemy vessel at sea. The intelligence recovered from the U-505, including the Enigma machine and its codebooks, provided invaluable insights into German naval operations and greatly aided the Allied war effort. This daring mission underscored the Guadalcanal’s effectiveness in submarine warfare and highlighted the strategic importance of escort carriers during the war.
Throughout its service, the USS Guadalcanal demonstrated remarkable adaptability and endurance, making significant contributions to the operational success of the U.S. Navy. Its upgrades ensured it remained at the forefront of naval technology, while its wide-ranging mission capabilities allowed it to undertake crucial tasks. From protecting convoys and engaging in anti-submarine operations to supporting amphibious assaults and capturing enemy vessels, the Guadalcanal proved to be an indispensable asset. The lasting impact of escort carriers like the Guadalcanal is a testament to their pivotal role in securing victory in World War II and their lasting influence on naval strategies and tactics.
USS Guadalcanal CVE-60: A Legacy of Valor on the High Seas
The USS Guadalcanal (CVE 60) played a vital role in key operations during World War II, showcasing the adaptability and significance of escort carriers. Launched in 1943, the vessel's primary mission was to provide air support for convoys and amphibious operations. One of its most notable contributions was during Operation Dragoon, the invasion of Southern France in August 1944. The Guadalcanal’s aircraft provided crucial air cover and reconnaissance, ensuring the success of the landings and subsequent operations. This mission highlighted the ship’s ability to handle a wide range of combat tasks, from anti-submarine warfare to direct support for ground forces.
In addition to its role in Operation Dragoon, the USS Guadalcanal is most famously remembered for capturing the German submarine U-505. On June 4, 1944, under the command of Captain Daniel V. Gallery, the Guadalcanal’s task force forced the U-505 to surface and surrender. This marked the first time since the War of 1812 that a U.S. Navy ship had seized an enemy vessel at sea. The intelligence recovered from U-505, including codebooks and an Enigma machine, provided crucial insights into German naval operations and significantly aided Allied strategic planning. This daring and successful mission underscored the Guadalcanal’s pivotal role in submarine warfare and intelligence gathering.
Throughout its service, the USS Guadalcanal earned numerous honors for its contributions to the Allied victory in World War II. It was awarded the Presidential Unit Citation for its bravery in combat and received five battle stars for its participation in campaigns across the Atlantic and Mediterranean theaters. These accolades not only recognized the courage and skill of the ship’s crew but also highlighted the strategic importance of escort carriers in modern naval warfare.
The legacy of the USS Guadalcanal extends beyond its wartime achievements. After World War II, the ship continued to serve in various capacities, including as a training vessel and providing support during the Cold War. Its rich history and the valor of its crew are preserved in historical accounts and museums, ensuring that the contributions of both the Guadalcanal and its sailors are remembered with honor. The ship’s exceptional service record stands as a testament to the crucial role escort carriers played in establishing naval dominance during one of the most challenging periods in modern history.
USS Guadalcanal CVE-60 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Casablanca Class Escort Aircraft Carrier |
| Commissioned | September 25, 1943 |
| Displacement | 10,902 tons |
| Length | 512 feet |
| Beam | 108.1 feet |
| Draft | 22.6 feet |
| Speed | 20 knots |
| Complement | 860 |