USS Mindoro CVE-120
The USS Mindoro (CVE-120) was a Commencement Bay-class escort carrier built during the tail end of World War II. Her keel was laid down on January 2, 1945, at Todd-Pacific Shipyards in Tacoma, Washington. She was launched on June 27, 1945, and joined the U.S. Navy on December 4, 1945, with Captain H. W. Taylor at the helm. This ship was part of a larger push to expand the Navy's carrier fleet, which had been crucial in the Pacific Theater. Her construction showcased America's industrial might and shipbuilding skills during the war.
Named after the island of Mindoro in the Philippines, the USS Mindoro honored a place of strategic importance during World War II. The island was pivotal for military operations, especially the Mindoro Campaign, which secured airfields and set the stage for further actions in the Philippines. Naming ships after significant battles or locations was a Navy tradition, serving as a living tribute to the courage and strategic achievements of American forces.
The USS Mindoro was 557 feet long, with a beam of 75 feet, and displaced about 24,100 tons when fully loaded. Her flight deck could handle various aircraft, including fighters and torpedo bombers. She was powered by a turbo-electric drive, reaching speeds up to 19 knots. Armed with two 5-inch guns, 36 40mm anti-aircraft guns, and 20 20mm anti-aircraft cannons, she was well-prepared to defend against aerial and surface threats. Her design focused on versatility, allowing her to take on roles from anti-submarine warfare to air support for ground operations.
Though the USS Mindoro was commissioned too late to fight in World War II, she made her mark in the post-war era and early Cold War years. She played a key role in training and readiness operations during peacetime. The ship took part in various exercises and maneuvers, helping keep the Navy sharp. She also served as a testing ground for new aviation technologies and tactics, aiding the growth of naval aviation.
As part of the Commencement Bay-class, the USS Mindoro was designed to provide air support for convoys and amphibious operations. These ships were smaller and less heavily armed than fleet carriers but were more numerous and could be built quickly. Their main job was to offer air cover for convoys, conduct anti-submarine patrols, and support amphibious landings. Their versatility and cost-effectiveness made them a vital part of the Navy's strategy during and after the war.
The USS Mindoro's service life began with her commissioning on December 4, 1945. She went through a shakedown cruise and training exercises to get ready for deployment. Throughout her service, she was involved in training exercises, fleet maneuvers, and readiness operations. She was decommissioned on August 4, 1955, and placed in the reserve fleet. Her active service was relatively short, but her contributions to naval aviation and readiness during the early Cold War were significant, highlighting the changing nature of naval warfare and the growing importance of air power.
USS Mindoro CVE-120: Structure, Technology, Armament, and Weaponry
The USS Mindoro (CVE-120) was a Commencement Bay-class escort carrier, known for its sturdy and adaptable design. It stretched 557 feet long and had a beam of 75 feet, offering a sizable flight deck for its aircraft. The hull featured a double bottom, enhancing durability and protection against torpedoes and mines. The flight deck was wooden, a common choice back then to keep weight down and make repairs easier. Below, the hangar deck had elevators to move aircraft between levels, ensuring smooth operations during combat and training.
Tech-wise, the USS Mindoro was fitted with cutting-edge radar and communication systems for its era. It had the SK-2 air search radar for spotting incoming aircraft from afar and the SC-3 surface search radar for identifying ships and other threats. These radars were vital for early warnings and tactical planning, giving the ship a big edge in both attack and defense. Plus, it had the TBS (Talk Between Ships) radio system for secure, reliable communication with other fleet vessels.
When it came to armament, the USS Mindoro was well-prepared to defend against air and surface threats. It was armed with various anti-aircraft guns, including 40mm Bofors and 20mm Oerlikon cannons. These were strategically placed for 360-degree coverage, ready to engage enemy aircraft from any angle. The 40mm Bofors were especially effective, thanks to their high rate of fire and accuracy, making them a strong defense against dive bombers and torpedo planes. The ship also had 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns, useful against both aircraft and surface targets.
The ship's weaponry wasn't just about its own guns; it included the aircraft it carried. Typically, the USS Mindoro could hold about 30 to 34 aircraft, including fighters like the F4U Corsair and torpedo bombers such as the TBM Avenger. These aircraft were the main offensive tools, capable of a wide range of missions from air superiority and ground attack to anti-submarine warfare. This versatility made the USS Mindoro a flexible and valuable asset in the U.S. Navy's lineup during its service.
Crew Accounts of Time Aboard
The USS Mindoro (CVE-120) holds a rich tapestry of memories as shared by its former crewmembers, each recounting their unique experiences aboard the escort carrier. These recollections span from routine duties to significant voyages, painting a vivid picture of life at sea during the mid-20th century.
Jack Bower served aboard the USS Mindoro in 1950 as an Aviation Navigator (AN). He recalls a memorable cruise along the St. Lawrence River to Quebec, followed by a celebratory stop in New York City on July 4th, 1950, before returning to Norfolk. Later that year, in August, the ship embarked on a mission to the Mediterranean, transporting approximately 40 aircraft to Brindisi, Italy.
Don Donovan E. Hendrick, who served as a Seaman First Class (S1) in 1950, also remembers the Mediterranean voyage, noting the ship's stop in Villefranche, Monaco, coinciding with the wedding of the famous actor Errol Flynn.
Ken Frazer, a Storekeeper Second Class (SK2) in 1949, spent over three years working in the Supply office. His tenure on the ship was marked by the routine yet essential tasks that kept the vessel operational.
James Goldsmith, who served in 1952 as an Aviation Boatswain's Mate Second Class (AB2), detailed his progression from a blue shirt to a yellow shirt in Fly 3, and eventually to AB2 in Rep 1 and H-2 Cat. His naval career continued beyond the Mindoro, leading to a stint in the USAF where he retired as a Master Sergeant.
Howard Gregg, another Aviation Boatswain's Mate Second Class (AB2) in 1952, enlisted in October 1951 and was discharged in October 1955 from the USS Leyte (CV-32). He spent 37 months at sea and was involved in decommissioning the Mindoro at the Boston Navy Yard in 1955, serving as the Petty Officer in charge of H2 and H4 Catapult.
Jack H. Hammell, a Third Class Petty Officer in the Disbursing Office in 1954, recalls several trips to the Caribbean and one voyage to the Mediterranean, highlighting the ship's diverse operational range.
Joe Jacobs, who served as an Aviation Boatswain's Mate Third Class (ABM3) in 1951, was assigned as a 'hook' man in the arresting gear due to his size. He later transferred to the H-2 Cat group, indicating a shift in his responsibilities aboard the ship.
Robert Kennedy, an Aviation Boatswain's Mate Second Class (ABM2) from 1948 to 1952, is searching for a fellow shipmate, Gordon Foresberg, reflecting the enduring bonds formed during their service.
James Pudwill, a Machinist's Mate Third Class (MM3) in 1950, reminisces about his time in the engine room, noting the passage of 60 years and the hope of reconnecting with former shipmates.
Michael Tampone, a Signalman (SM) in 1952, was assigned to the Mindoro after completing boot camp at Newport, RI. He recalls working in the paint locker and making port calls at Guantanamo Bay and Port-au-Prince. In September 1952, he was transferred to the USS Leyte (CV-32).
These shared memories from the USS Mindoro's guestbook provide a glimpse into the daily lives, significant events, and lasting camaraderie among the ship's crew, reflecting the diverse experiences and enduring connections formed during their service.
USS Mindoro CVE-120: Upgrades, Mission Capabilities, and Contribution to the Fleet
The USS Mindoro (CVE-120) was a remarkable ship in the U.S. Navy, always evolving to meet new challenges. Commissioned in December 1945, it was part of the Commencement Bay-class escort carriers, built to provide air support for naval operations. Over the years, it got some key upgrades. Early on, its radar and communication systems were improved, boosting its effectiveness. In the 1950s, the flight decks were reinforced to handle newer, heavier aircraft, and the catapult systems were upgraded for better plane launches. These changes kept the USS Mindoro at the forefront of naval aviation technology.
The ship's mission capabilities were as varied as they were vital. Initially, it provided air cover and support for amphibious operations, anti-submarine warfare, and convoy protection. But as the Cold War heated up, its role expanded. The USS Mindoro took on anti-communist operations, especially in the Atlantic and Mediterranean. It could launch and recover a range of aircraft, from fighters to bombers to reconnaissance planes, making it a versatile platform for many missions. It also played a key role in training naval aviators, ensuring the fleet always had skilled pilots ready to go.
The USS Mindoro made significant contributions, especially during the early Cold War years. It participated in numerous exercises and operations that were crucial for maintaining the U.S. Navy's readiness and strategic presence. One standout moment was its involvement in NATO exercises, showcasing the United States' commitment to collective security. During the Korean War, the ship's aircraft conducted reconnaissance and close air support missions, providing vital aid to United Nations forces. Its ability to adapt to various roles highlighted its importance as a flexible and reliable fleet asset.
The USS Mindoro (CVE-120) was a shining example of the U.S. Navy's escort carriers' adaptability and resilience. Continuous upgrades kept it technologically advanced and operationally effective. Its diverse missions allowed it to serve in multiple theaters and roles, from anti-submarine warfare to air support and training. The ship's contributions were marked by its participation in critical operations and exercises, reinforcing the United States' strategic goals during a pivotal time in global military history. The legacy of the USS Mindoro is a testament to the enduring value of versatile and well-maintained naval assets.
USS Mindoro CVE-120: Deployments, Role in Major Conflicts, Awards, and Commendations
USS Mindoro (CVE-120) was a key player in the post-World War II era, especially as the Cold War began to heat up. Commissioned in December 1945, she joined the Atlantic Fleet, diving into training exercises and readiness operations. These missions were vital for keeping the U.S. Navy sharp during a time of rising geopolitical tension. As an escort carrier, her main job was to provide air support and anti-submarine warfare capabilities, crucial for protecting larger fleet units and ensuring maritime security.
During the Korean War, USS Mindoro was right in the thick of things, though she didn't see direct combat. Her role in providing logistical support and air cover was invaluable. The carrier's aircraft flew numerous sorties, offering close air support to ground troops and conducting reconnaissance missions. This support was critical in several engagements, helping to tip the scales in favor of United Nations forces. Her presence in the region highlighted the importance of naval air power in modern warfare and showcased the versatility and strategic value of escort carriers.
Throughout her service, USS Mindoro earned several awards and commendations. She received the Navy Occupation Service Medal for her post-World War II service in Europe and the National Defense Service Medal for her contributions during the Korean War. These accolades reflect her commitment to excellence and significant contributions to U.S. naval operations. The crew's dedication and professionalism were also recognized through various unit citations, underscoring their exceptional performance in challenging conditions.
USS Mindoro's legacy is further cemented by her role in various peacetime operations and training exercises. She took part in numerous fleet exercises, essential for testing new tactics and technologies. These exercises not only boosted her capabilities but also contributed to the overall effectiveness of the U.S. Navy. Decommissioned in 1955, her impact on naval operations and contributions to national security are still remembered. The story of USS Mindoro is a testament to the enduring importance of naval power and the critical role of escort carriers in maintaining global stability.
USS Mindoro CVE-120 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Commencement Bay Class Escort Aircraft Carrier |
| Commissioned | December 4, 1945 |
| Displacement | 11,373 tons |
| Length | 557 feet |
| Beam | 75 feet |
| Draft | 32 feet |
| Speed | 19 knots |
| Complement | 1,066 |