USS Nathanael Greene SSBN-636
The USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) was a Benjamin Franklin-class ballistic missile submarine, a key player in the U.S. Navy's strategic deterrent force during the Cold War. Her keel was laid on May 21, 1962, at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine. She was launched on May 12, 1964, and officially commissioned on December 19, 1964. Built with the latest technology and materials of the time, she was designed to fulfill a crucial role in the Navy's nuclear triad.
Named after Nathanael Greene, a major general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, the submarine carried a legacy of strategic leadership. Greene was a trusted leader, second only to George Washington in his contributions to American victory. Naming the submarine after him highlighted its importance and the high expectations placed on it. The submarine's mission to provide a strong and reliable nuclear deterrent mirrored Greene's strategic and resilient leadership.
The USS Nathanael Greene was armed with 16 ballistic missile tubes, initially carrying Polaris A-3 missiles and later Poseidon C-3 missiles. These missiles were vital to the U.S.'s second-strike capability, ensuring a powerful response to any nuclear attack. Powered by a pressurized water nuclear reactor, the submarine could stay submerged for long periods, enhancing its stealth and survivability.
The impact of the USS Nathanael Greene on the U.S. Navy was significant. As part of the Benjamin Franklin class, she represented the peak of years of technological advancements and strategic planning. Her service helped maintain a credible and effective nuclear deterrent throughout the Cold War. The experiences gained from operating and maintaining the USS Nathanael Greene and her sister ships informed the development of future ballistic missile submarines, keeping the Navy at the forefront of undersea warfare capabilities.
The Benjamin Franklin class was an evolution of the earlier Lafayette-class submarines, designed to be a mobile and undetectable launch platform for nuclear missiles. This deterred potential adversaries from considering a first-strike against the U.S. The class featured improvements like quieter machinery and enhanced sonar systems, making these submarines even harder to detect.
The commissioning of the USS Nathanael Greene marked the start of a distinguished career. She joined the Atlantic Fleet and began a series of deterrent patrols, each lasting several months. These patrols were crucial to the U.S.'s strategic defense posture, ensuring a credible and survivable nuclear force was always ready. The USS Nathanael Greene served with distinction until she was decommissioned on December 15, 1986, following the signing of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, which led to a reduction in the number of ballistic missile submarines in the U.S. Navy's fleet.
USS Nathanael Greene SSBN-636: Structure, Technology, Armament, and Weaponry
The USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) was a Benjamin Franklin-class ballistic missile submarine, part of a subclass of the Lafayette-class. It played a crucial role in the United States' strategic deterrence during the Cold War. This submarine was a feat of naval engineering, with a double-hulled design that boosted buoyancy and protection against underwater threats. Its streamlined outer hull reduced drag, making it more efficient in the water. The inner hull, made from high-strength steel, was built to handle the intense pressures of deep-sea missions. At 425 feet long and with a beam of 33 feet, it had plenty of room for its crew and advanced systems.
Technologically, the Nathanael Greene was top-notch. It had cutting-edge navigation, communication, and sonar systems, all vital for its deterrence role. The inertial navigation system (INS) let it pinpoint its location accurately, even when submerged for long stretches. Advanced sonar arrays, both passive and active, helped detect other vessels and obstacles underwater. Its communication systems ensured secure, reliable contact with command, ready to receive and execute launch orders if needed. These technologies made the Nathanael Greene a stealthy and powerful part of the US Navy's nuclear triad.
The submarine's main mission was launching ballistic missiles. It had 16 missile tubes for UGM-27 Polaris A-3 ballistic missiles, later upgraded to UGM-73 Poseidon C-3 missiles. The Poseidon missiles had greater range and accuracy, with multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs) that allowed one missile to hit several targets. This capability boosted the submarine's deterrent effect, enabling it to strike multiple strategic targets at once. Besides its missile arsenal, the Nathanael Greene had four 21-inch torpedo tubes for self-defense against enemy submarines and surface ships.
The Nathanael Greene's weaponry and defensive systems were designed for survival in hostile environments. Its torpedo tubes could launch the Mark 48 torpedo, a sophisticated weapon against surface and subsurface threats. The Mark 48 had advanced guidance systems and a powerful warhead, making it a formidable tool against enemy vessels. The submarine also had countermeasure systems to evade detection and attack, including acoustic decoys and electronic warfare systems to confuse enemy sensors and weapons. This mix of offensive and defensive capabilities made the Nathanael Greene a resilient and versatile asset in the US Navy's strategic arsenal.
Crew Accounts of Time Aboard
The USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the numerous guestbook posts that recount their experiences aboard the submarine. These memories span from the ship's commissioning in the early 1960s to its decommissioning in the late 1980s, capturing a wide array of personal anecdotes, professional milestones, and camaraderie among the sailors.
**Early Years and Commissioning:** Clarence Allen, who served in 1964, recalls being part of both crews and making 11 patrols before retiring in 1974. James Czerniak, also from the commissioning crew, was the youngest sailor on the East Coast submarines at just 17 years old. He fondly remembers the great crew and the friendships formed during those early patrols.
**Memorable Events and Challenges:** The ship's history is marked by significant events and challenges. Bob Bassitt, who served in 1979, recounts joining the ship at Newport News and experiencing trials, missile launches, and even a fire and flooding incident. Karl Karoo Battick, from 1977, became a "Blue Nose" and was known for making pizza and being the "movie man" during off-watch hours. Andreas Benson, who started as a TMSN on the Gold Crew in 1977, highlights the transition from the yards in Newport News to the Blue Crew.
**Camaraderie and Daily Life:** The sense of camaraderie is a recurring theme. Charlie Boynton, who served in 1974, speaks highly of the friendships made and the excellent crew. Randell Briggs, from 1966, shares how the patrols influenced his creative side, leading him to produce "Hoobertology" poems. Bill Briscoe, a radioman in 1982, humorously notes how they fixed sports scores to ensure their teams won.
**Significant Milestones and Personal Growth:** Many crew members reflect on the personal growth and milestones achieved during their service. David Cartes, who served in 1983, went on to receive an LDO commission and served in the Gulf War. Gregory Claypool, from 1965, reminisces about the sub-quals, cruises, and the hard work that left lasting memories. Timothy Day, from 1977, credits the officers and chiefs for shaping him into the man he became.
**Reunions and Lasting Bonds:** Reunions play a significant role in keeping the bonds alive. Tom Carr, who served in 1973, is actively involved in organizing reunions and maintaining the ship's webpage. Joe Flores, from 1971, looks forward to the 2008 reunion, reminiscing about playing softball and the camaraderie that followed. Rich Damm, from 1979, recalls the best times putting the ship back together with great shipmates and looks forward to future reunions.
**Unique Experiences and Anecdotes:** The guestbook is filled with unique experiences and anecdotes. Michael Ray Gilson, from 1976, humorously recalls working out in the missile compartment and the "apple jack hootch" stored in the bilge. Steve Gruber, from 1975, vividly remembers the times like they were yesterday, despite not recalling what he had for dinner the previous night. Leroy Smith, from 1975, shares the bittersweet memory of seeing the Greene being cut up while working for Electric Boat.
**Professional Achievements and Reflections:** Many crew members went on to achieve significant professional milestones. David Geisen, who served in 1984, was the EOOW during the grounding and praises his engineering watch section. Michael Frankenberry, from 1985, retired as MMC/SS and served on other submarines like the USS Topeka and USS Seawolf. Wayne Kirk Smith, from 1976, made Chief and Senior Chief while serving on the Greene and cherishes the great memories.
**Legacy and Impact:** The legacy of the USS Nathanael Greene is evident in the lasting impact it had on its crew. Bert Siebert, from 1980, reflects on how the experiences aboard the submarine affected many parts of his life. Neil Shaw, from 1980, considers the E division he served with as the best group of guys. The ship's sail, now on static display at the Weapons Station at Cape Canaveral, serves as a proud reminder of their service.
In summary, the memories shared by the crew members of the USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) paint a vivid picture of life aboard the submarine. From the early years and significant events to the daily camaraderie and professional achievements, these recollections highlight the profound impact that serving on the Greene had on their lives. The bonds formed, the challenges overcome, and the milestones achieved are a testament to the enduring legacy of this storied vessel.
USS Nathanael Greene SSBN-636: Upgrades, Mission Capabilities, and Contribution to the Fleet
The USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) was a remarkable vessel, always evolving to stay ahead in naval technology and strategic deterrence. Commissioned in 1964, it was part of the Lafayette-class, initially equipped with Polaris A-3 ballistic missiles. But as technology advanced, so did the Nathanael Greene. In the early 1970s, it was upgraded to carry Poseidon C-3 missiles, which had greater range and payload. This upgrade was a game-changer, boosting its strategic deterrence capabilities and keeping it a key player in the U.S. nuclear triad.
Beyond missile upgrades, the Nathanael Greene saw improvements in sonar, navigation, and communication systems. These were vital for maintaining its stealth and effectiveness in a changing threat landscape. Enhanced sonar meant better detection of enemy vessels, while advanced navigation ensured precise missile launches. Improved communication systems allowed secure contact with command, crucial for strategic missions. These advancements kept the Nathanael Greene ready for both peacetime deterrence and potential wartime scenarios.
The Nathanael Greene's mission was clear: serve as a strategic deterrent. As a ballistic missile submarine (SSBN), it was ready to launch nuclear missiles if needed. Its ability to stay submerged for long periods made it undetectable, providing a credible second-strike capability. This meant any adversary would face a devastating retaliatory strike, deterring them from starting a nuclear conflict. The Nathanael Greene's patrols were vital to the U.S. strategy of maintaining global stability through deterrence.
The USS Nathanael Greene's contribution to the fleet and national security was immense. During the Cold War, it played a crucial role in maintaining the balance of power. Its presence was a constant, credible threat to adversaries, ensuring the U.S. could respond decisively to nuclear aggression. The successful patrols and readiness of the Nathanael Greene were a testament to the dedication and skill of its crew. Even after decommissioning in 1986, its legacy influenced the design and operation of future ballistic missile submarines, highlighting its lasting impact on naval strategy and national defense.
USS Nathanael Greene SSBN-636: Deployments, Role in Major Conflicts, Awards, and Commendations
The USS Nathanael Greene (SSBN-636) was a vital part of the U.S. Navy's strategic deterrent force during the Cold War. Commissioned in December 1964, this submarine embarked on numerous deterrent patrols, mainly in the Atlantic Ocean. These missions were all about keeping a credible second-strike capability, ensuring the U.S. was always ready. The Nathanael Greene's patrols were secretive and long, often lasting several months. During these times, the submarine stayed submerged and undetected, ready to launch its Polaris and later Poseidon ballistic missiles if needed.
While the Nathanael Greene didn't see direct combat, it played a crucial role in maintaining stability during the Cold War. Its presence was a significant factor during tense times, like confrontations with the Soviet Union. The submarine's stealth and advanced missile tech made it a formidable deterrent, contributing to the strategy of mutually assured destruction (MAD) that defined the era.
The submarine's operational excellence was well recognized. Over the years, the Nathanael Greene and its crew received numerous awards, including the Navy Unit Commendation and the Meritorious Unit Commendation, for their exceptional performance and readiness. The crew's proficiency in naval exercises and inspections earned them the Battle Efficiency "E" award multiple times, showcasing their professionalism and dedication.
Beyond its operational success, the Nathanael Greene contributed significantly to the development of submarine tactics and technology. The lessons learned from its missions and the feedback from its crew helped shape future classes of ballistic missile submarines. Although decommissioned in 1986 after a grounding incident, the legacy of the USS Nathanael Greene lives on in the ongoing evolution of the U.S. Navy's submarine force. Its history is a testament to the critical role ballistic missile submarines have played, and continue to play, in national defense.
USS Nathanael Greene SSBN-636 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | James Madison Class Ballistic Missile Submarine |
| Commissioned | December 19, 1964 |
| Displacement | 8,250 tons |
| Length | 425 feet |
| Beam | 33 feet |
| Draft | 32 feet |
| Speed | 20+ knots |
| Complement | 138 |